Mitigation Strategies for African Swine Fever Virus Biosecurity: From Virus Inactivation to Pig Health

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Virology
• Animal Health
• Biosecurity

Background:

• African swine fever virus (ASFV) poses a significant threat to global pork production.
• The lack of effective vaccines and antiviral drugs necessitates robust mitigation strategies.
• Biosecurity enhancement is a priority for controlling ASFV spread.

Purpose of the Study:

• To critically analyze current thermal, chemical, and physical strategies for ASFV inactivation.
• To provide ASFV-specific data supporting the application of different mitigation methods.
• To discuss emerging innovations and future research needs in ASFV mitigation.

Main Methods:

• Review of scientific literature on ASFV inactivation.
• Analysis of heat treatment, chemical disinfectants, and physical mitigants.
• Examination of ASFV inactivation mechanisms for each strategy.

Main Results:

• Thermal, chemical, and physical methods demonstrate efficacy in ASFV inactivation.
• Different strategies are suitable for specific environmental contexts and materials.
• Understanding inactivation mechanisms is key to optimizing decontamination.

Conclusions:

• Multipronged mitigation strategies are effective for rapid ASFV decontamination.
• Effective ASFV control supports pig health by minimizing symptoms and transmission.
• Further innovation in ASFV mitigation testing and research is needed.