Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Matrix-based DNA Extraction for Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing on Decontaminated Sputum Samples
Published on: June 6, 2025
Epidemiology and Molecular Drug-Resistance Patterns of Tuberculosis in Non-Elderly Patients in Luoyang, China,
Zhenzhen Wang1,2, Liyang Xu2,3, Tengfei Guo1
1The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, People's Republic of China.
Purpose:
Existing data offer limited guidance on TB control strategies for the non-elderly population, hampering effective epidemic management. This study aimed to analyze TB transmission and molecular resistance profiles among non-elderly patients (<60 years) in Luoyang City.
Patients And Methods:
From 2019-2023, 24,706 non-duplicate sputum samples from 10 TB-designated hospitals were tested for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) via IS6110-targeted real-time PCR. MTBC-positive specimens underwent multicolor melting curve analysis (MMCA) to assess resistance to isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RFP), streptomycin (SM), and ethambutol (EMB). Age-stratified analyses were performed to compare drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) prevalence between elderly and non-elderly groups, with multivariate regression identifying resistance risk factors in non-elderly patients.
Results:
Non-elderly individuals exhibited significantly higher TB (17.54% vs 15.26%) and DR-TB (26.82% vs 21.62%) rates than the elderly (all, P < 0.001). Among non-elderly patients, males, retreatment cases, main urban residents and smear-positive groups had significantly elevated MTBC detection rates. The predominant resistance patterns of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and poly-resistant tuberculosis (PDR-TB) were MDR4 (INH + RFP + EMB + SM) and PDR2 (INH + SM), with detection rates of 5.52% (142) and 2.33% (60), respectively. MTBC positive rate peaked at 30-34 years (23.10%), while the resistance rate peaked at 35-39 years. After adjusting for the effects of smear results and diagnosis year, the multivariate regression analysis model indicated that male sex, retreatment, and the main urban area were high-risk factors for TB resistance in non-elderly cases.
Conclusion:
The non-elderly population demonstrates a significantly higher burden of both TB detection and resistance, particularly among males, retreatment cases, and main urban patients. The emergence of complex drug resistance patterns, combined with a distinct trend of younger age at infection, highlights the critical need for targeted interventions tailored to specific epidemiological and resistance profiles of MTBC-infected populations.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

