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Researchers created a new artificial base pair, CTPT3, that can be incorporated into DNA and RNA. This innovation enables site-specific labeling for advanced biomolecular sensing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • The genetic alphabet is traditionally composed of four bases (A, T, C, G).
  • Expanding the genetic alphabet with artificial base pairs offers new possibilities for biomolecular applications.
  • Site-specific labeling is crucial for advanced biomolecular sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, stable artificial base pair for incorporation into nucleic acids.
  • To demonstrate the enzymatic incorporation of this artificial base pair into DNA and RNA.
  • To showcase the facile modification of the artificial base pair for labeling purposes.

Main Methods:

  • Development of CTPT3, a C-nucleoside that forms a stable hydrophobic base pair with NaM.
  • Enzymatic incorporation of CTPT3 into DNA and RNA sequences.
  • Chemical modification of the incorporated CTPT3 for labeling.

Main Results:

  • CTPT3 forms a stable hydrophobic base pair with NaM.
  • CTPT3 can be enzymatically incorporated into both DNA and RNA.
  • The incorporated CTPT3 can be readily modified for attachment of labels like fluorophores or spin labels.

Conclusions:

  • CTPT3 is a viable artificial base pair for expanding the genetic alphabet.
  • This artificial base pair facilitates site-specific labeling of nucleic acids.
  • CTPT3 enhances capabilities in biomolecular sensing and diagnostics.