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Elevated PSMA Activity in Kimura Disease.

Naifeng Hou1, Hongyuan Dai, Rui Huang

  • 1Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.

Clinical Nuclear Medicine
|July 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Kimura disease can mimic prostate cancer on imaging. This rare condition may lead to false-positive results in Gallium-68 PSMA PET/CT scans used for prostate cancer staging.

Keywords:
Kimura diseaseprostate cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Kimura disease (KD) is a rare, benign chronic inflammatory condition.
  • It is characterized by eosinophilic infiltration and granulomatous inflammation.
  • Accurate staging of prostate cancer is crucial for treatment decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT findings of Kimura disease.
  • To highlight the potential for misdiagnosis in prostate cancer staging.
  • To raise awareness of this diagnostic challenge.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a patient with prostate adenocarcinoma.
  • Utilized 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT for staging.
  • Histopathological examination confirmed Kimura disease.

Main Results:

  • 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT demonstrated abnormal uptake in the left axilla.
  • This uptake was attributed to Kimura disease, not metastatic prostate cancer.
  • Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of Kimura disease.

Conclusions:

  • Kimura disease can present as false-positive findings on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT.
  • Clinicians should consider Kimura disease in the differential diagnosis for axillary lymphadenopathy in prostate cancer patients.
  • This highlights the importance of integrating imaging findings with clinical and pathological data.