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Within-Person Bidirectional Relations Between Sleep Problems and Alcohol, Cannabis, and Co-Use Problems in a
Tess K Drazdowski1,2, Lourah Kelly3, Nicholas R Livingston4
1Chestnut Health Systems, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
Many adults use alcohol and cannabis for sleep, but this study found that alcohol and cannabis use problems predict future sleep problems. Disseminating sleep interventions to adults with co-use is crucial.
Area of Science:
- Addiction Medicine
- Sleep Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Many adults use alcohol and cannabis to aid sleep, despite known associations between sleep issues and substance use.
- Limited understanding exists regarding the long-term, reciprocal relationships between sleep problems, alcohol use, cannabis use, and their co-use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the bidirectional, longitudinal associations between sleep problems and alcohol problems, cannabis problems, and co-use problems in a national sample of adults.
Main Methods:
- Secondary analysis of data from 26,072 adults in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (2013-2018).
- Employed three random intercept cross-lagged panel models to examine within-person relationships over time.
Main Results:
- Sleep problems consistently predicted subsequent sleep problems.
- Alcohol and cannabis use problems were linked to decreased sleep problems initially, but increased sleep problems in later waves.
- No direct longitudinal association was found between co-use problems and sleep problems, though co-users reported higher overall sleep problems.
Conclusions:
- Large-scale sleep interventions are recommended, potentially mitigating alcohol and cannabis use problems.
- Elevated sleep problem rates in adults with co-use necessitate further research and targeted dissemination of sleep interventions.
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