Classification and research status of solid waste grouting materials: A review

Alkali-activated cementitious materials, as clean materials with low energy consumption and low CO₂ emissions, have broad application prospects in the field of solid waste grouting. This article categorizes and introduces commonly used grouting materials, analyses their physicochemical properties and reaction mechanisms and provides theoretical and practical bases for further research and application of solid waste grouting technology. Comprehensive analysis of existing research shows cement grouting materials and chemical grouting materials can adapt to many engineering conditions. However, the production of cement consumes resources and emits a large amount of CO₂. Chemical grouting has been discontinued in many engineering projects due to its prohibitive cost, weak universality, toxicity and other factors. Alkali-activated industrial solid waste is used to prepare grouting materials, which consumes a large amount of industrial solid waste while reducing CO₂ emissions. Different additives can be included according to engineering needs to improve various performances and can be widely used in various construction projects, better supporting carbon neutrality and carbon peak goals.