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The Sunrise of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Cancer
Juliette Rochefort1,2,3,4,5,6, Gilles Marodon1,2,3, Jean-Luc Teillaud1,2,3
1Inserm U1135, Paris, France.
Immunological Reviews
|July 1, 2025
Summary
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are crucial in cancer, improving patient outcomes and immunotherapy response. Research is exploring noninvasive biomarkers, the role of microbiota, and nerve regulation for better cancer treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) were initially viewed negatively in autoimmune diseases.
- TLS are now recognized for their positive association with improved clinical outcomes and immunotherapy response in cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolving understanding of TLS in cancer.
- To highlight the potential of TLS as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
- To discuss emerging research on TLS, tumor cells, microbiota, and nerve regulation.
Main Methods:
- Review of current scientific literature on TLS in cancer.
- Analysis of studies investigating TLS structure, plasticity, and function.
- Exploration of preclinical models, including humanized mice.
Main Results:
- TLS presence correlates with better cancer patient outcomes and enhanced immunotherapy efficacy.
- Noninvasive biomarkers for TLS detection are a key area of research.
- Interactions between TLS, tumor cells, and microbiota offer new insights into cancer development.
Conclusions:
- TLS play a critical role in cancer immunity and patient prognosis.
- Further research into TLS, including their regulation and noninvasive detection, is essential for advancing cancer diagnosis and treatment.
- Humanized mouse models show promise for preclinical TLS research in cancer.
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