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Progress toward an efficient, uniformly scalable lithium niobate terahertz pulse source.

Gergő Krizsán, Bálint Jurasits, Gábor Almási

|July 1, 2025

Summary

We developed a compact terahertz (THz) source using a nonlinear echelon slab, achieving 2.8x higher efficiency. Improved microstructure quality could boost THz generation efficiency significantly.

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Area of Science:

Nonlinear optics
Terahertz (THz) generation

Background:

Compact and efficient THz sources are crucial for various applications.
Previous tilted-pulse-front-pumped (TPFP) THz sources faced limitations in efficiency and scalability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a compact, imaging-free, and scalable TPFP THz source.
To characterize THz generation efficiency based on slab thickness and pump intensity.
To investigate the impact of microstructure quality on THz generation.

Main Methods:

Utilized a nonlinear echelon slab for THz generation.
Performed systematic characterization of THz generation efficiency.
Investigated the influence of surface roughness on efficiency.
Developed a theoretical model for THz generation.

Main Results:

Achieved a THz generation efficiency of ~0.085%, a 2.8x improvement over previous results.
Demonstrated that surface roughness negatively impacts efficiency by reducing diffraction and increasing beam divergence.
The theoretical model accurately predicted experimental outcomes.

Conclusions:

The nonlinear echelon slab is a promising platform for compact and efficient THz sources.
Refining microstructure quality is key to unlocking significantly higher THz generation efficiencies (predicted >0.65% at room temperature).
The developed theoretical model provides a pathway for optimizing future THz source designs.