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Published on: September 3, 2021
Geopolitical, technological, and economic influences on U.S. energy security: A quantile-wavelet analysis
1Faculty of Law, Economics and Management of Jendouba, University of Jendouba, Tunisia.
Abstract:
This study investigates the interplay between energy security (ENS), geopolitical risks (GPR), technological innovation (measured by R&D and renewable energy-specific investments), and economic factors (GDP, human capital, and economic globalization) in the United States from 1990Q1 to 2021Q4. Stationarity and cointegration were rigorously tested using advanced Quantile unit root (QADF and QPP) and Quantile cointegration (QCT) methods, confirming long-run relationships among the variables. Employing innovative Quantile-on-Quantile Regression (QQR) and Wavelet Quantile Correlation (WQC) techniques, this analysis uncovers complex, asymmetric relationships across variable distributions, providing novel insights into dynamic interdependencies. Results reveal that high geopolitical risks intensify energy insecurity at low ENS levels but promote adaptive strategies at high ENS levels. Technological innovation consistently enhances ENS, with renewable energy R&D showing particularly significant impacts. Economic growth and human capital positively influence ENS, while globalization presents mixed effects depending on domestic resilience. These findings underscore the importance of targeted investments in renewable energy, education, and infrastructure to strengthen U.S. energy resilience. The study offers actionable policy insights to balance energy security, economic growth, and environmental sustainability.
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