Association between dietary patterns, sleep disturbance and stroke: A large cross-sectional study in US adults

Sleep disturbance and stroke are closely linked to dietary patterns. But how nutritional patterns modulate the bidirectional relationship between sleep disturbance and stroke incidence remains to be investigated. This epidemiological investigation seeks to the tripartite associations among dietary patterns, sleep disturbance, and stroke of adults in united states.

Our analysis included participants from the NHANES repositor during the 2005-2018 surveillance period. Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2020 score, Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (MED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Index (DASH) are three quantified scores, which rely on dietary data. To assess the relationships among dietary patterns, sleep disturbance, and stroke risk, we employed linear regression models, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, mediation analyses, and weighted quartile sum (WQS) methods.

The findings of this study demonstrated that participants afflicted with stroke and/or sleep disturbance exhibited lower diet scores for three distinct dietary patterns when compared with those not experiencing stroke or sleep disturbance. Furthermore, the use of RCS models revealed a negative linear exposure-response gradient of diet quality scores in the odds of sleep disturbance and stroke. The WQS regression also demonstrated a beneficial impact of dietary composition on sleep disturbance and stroke, with high-quality protein, fish, nuts and fiber being the food groups that contributed most significantly to health across different dietary indices.

Whichever dietary pattern is referred, low-quality diets are linked with a high odds of sleep disturbance and stroke. Changes in dietary composition are necessary to prevent sleep disturbance and stroke.