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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Near-infrared light activatable chemically induced CRISPR system.

Lei Zhang1, Xuejun Zhang2, Le Qiu2

  • 1Center for Advanced Biomedical Imaging and Photonics, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. lzhang11@bidmc.harvard.edu.

Light, Science & Applications
|July 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new light-activatable CRISPR system using near-infrared light. This advanced CRISPR technology minimizes off-target effects for safer gene editing in medicine.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Editing

Background:

  • CRISPR gene editing technologies face limitations in medical applications due to off-target effects.
  • Current light-activatable CRISPR systems often require UV or blue light, restricting tissue penetration and raising safety concerns.
  • Existing long-wavelength systems exhibit slow activation or biocompatibility issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel light-activatable CRISPR system for precise spatiotemporal control of gene activation.
  • To overcome the limitations of existing light-activatable CRISPR systems, particularly regarding light penetration depth and safety.
  • To create a versatile and biocompatible CRISPR activation method for in vivo applications.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a split-Cas9/dCas9 system activated by a near-infrared photocleavable dimerization complex.
  • Utilized near-infrared light for photoactivation, enabling deeper tissue penetration compared to UV or blue light.
  • Tested the system's rapid, spatially precise activation across various cell types.

Main Results:

  • The developed system allows for safe in vivo application in humans.
  • The near-infrared photoactivation method is adaptable to different split-Cas9/dCas9 systems.
  • Achieved rapid and spatially precise light activation of CRISPR across diverse cell types.

Conclusions:

  • The novel near-infrared light-activatable CRISPR system offers a safer and more effective approach to gene editing.
  • This technology significantly reduces off-target effects by enabling precise spatial and temporal control of CRISPR activation.
  • The system holds promise for advancing CRISPR-based therapeutics and biomedical research.