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  11. Speech Recognition In Noise Across The Life Span With Cognition And Hearing Sensitivity As Mediators Of Age Effects

Speech recognition in noise across the life span with cognition and hearing sensitivity as mediators of age effects

Yossi Bugannim1, Ilan Roziner1, Liat Kishon-Rabin2

  • 1The Department of Communication Disorders, Steyer School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

Scientific Reports
|July 2, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Speech perception in noise declines with age, peaking in the late 30s. Hearing sensitivity and cognitive abilities significantly impact this decline across the lifespan, even with normal hearing.

Area of Science:

  • Auditory neuroscience
  • Cognitive aging
  • Speech perception research

Background:

  • Speech perception in noise relies on sensory and cognitive functions.
  • Age-related decline in speech perception is well-documented, but its onset and contributing factors across the lifespan are unclear.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for audiological research and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related changes in speech perception in noise across a wide lifespan.
  • To determine the onset of decline in hearing sensitivity and cognitive abilities.
  • To examine the mediating roles of auditory and cognitive factors in age-related speech perception decline.

Main Methods:

  • 357 Hebrew-speaking participants aged 7-90 years with normal hearing.

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  • Adaptive sentence-in-noise testing to measure speech reception thresholds in noise (SRTn).
  • Auditory working memory and processing speed assessments, polynomial modeling, and structural equation modeling (SEM).

    • Main Results:

    • SRTn showed a U-shaped pattern, with peak performance in the late 30s.
    • Hearing sensitivity began deteriorating around age 17, while cognitive decline occurred between ages 32-38.
    • Cognitive and auditory factors mediated 61% of the age-related variance in SRTn.

    Conclusions:

    • Age-related cognitive changes significantly reshape speech perception strategies, even without peripheral hearing loss.
    • Findings support extending the Ease of Language Understanding (ELU) model across the lifespan for individuals with normal hearing.
    • Highlights the need for cognitive-informed audiological approaches throughout life.