The safety and efficacy of transarterial embolization with detachable coils for complex visceral artery aneurysm

Detachable coils grant controlled deployment, retrieval, and repositioning until desired placement is achieved for complex visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs), but a detailed investigation is needed for its clinical application. Between June 2018 and September 2020, 28 patients with 31 complex VAAs successfully treated with detachable coils in two hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. The technical success rate reached 100%. Then, 96.8% (30/31) of the afferent arteries and 94.9% (75/79) of the efferent branches were patent without occlusion after the procedure. At the last follow-up, 77.4% and 12.9% of aneurysms were graded as class I and class IIIa, respectively, according to the Modified Raymond-Roy Occlusion Classification. Compared to immediately after the procedure, the number of aneurysms decreased in classes II, IIIa, and IIIb, whereas the number of class I aneurysms significantly increased from 18 to 24 at the last follow-up. Bleeding was not identified in any patients, but three patients (two with abdominal pain and one asymptomatic) developed ischemic complications of either splenic or renal infarction. Overall, transarterial embolization with detachable coils was safe and effective for treating complex VAAs, and the procedure should be performed with caution to avoid ischemic complications.