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The feedback driven atomic scale Josephson microscope.

Samuel D Escribano1,2, Víctor Barrena3, David Perconte3,4

  • 1Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049, Madrid, Spain. samuel.diazes@gmail.com.

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|July 2, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created a temperature-independent Josephson coupling in atomic junctions using feedback. This enables atomic-scale mapping of critical currents in superconductors like 2H-NbSe2, revealing pair density waves.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Phenomena

Background:

  • Atomic-scale Josephson junctions are crucial for understanding superconductivity.
  • Existing ultrasmall junctions suffer from weak coupling and temperature sensitivity.
  • New methods are needed to probe superconducting properties at the atomic level.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of a feedback element on atomic-scale Josephson junctions.
  • To develop a temperature-independent method for studying Cooper pair tunneling.
  • To create atomic-resolution maps of critical current in superconducting materials.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction of a feedback element to induce a time-dependent bistable regime.
  • Observation of spontaneous periodic oscillations between DC and AC Josephson regimes.
  • Utilizing Scanning Tunneling Microscopy to map critical current oscillations spatially.

Main Results:

  • A temperature-independent bistable regime was achieved in atomic Josephson junctions.
  • Spontaneous oscillations between Cooper pair tunneling states were observed.
  • Atomic-scale maps revealed spatial modulations in critical current due to pair density waves in 2H-NbSe2.

Conclusions:

  • Feedback elements can stabilize atomic Josephson junctions against temperature variations.
  • This technique provides a novel route for atomic-scale characterization of superconducting materials.
  • The findings enhance the understanding of quantum effects in ultrasmall electronic devices.