Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

28.0K
A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
28.0K
Nuclear Power02:36

Nuclear Power

8.3K
Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
8.3K
Voltaic/Galvanic Cells02:47

Voltaic/Galvanic Cells

58.5K
Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
58.5K
Applications of RC Circuits01:22

Applications of RC Circuits

3.3K
A relaxation oscillator is one of the applications of RC circuits. A neon lamp relaxation oscillator comprises a capacitor, a resistor, a voltage source, and a lamp. The lamp acts like an open circuit, with infinite resistance until the potential difference across the lamp reaches a specific voltage. At that voltage, the lamp acts like a short circuit with zero resistance, and the capacitor discharges through the lamp, thus producing light. Once the capacitor is fully discharged through the...
3.3K
Electrolysis03:00

Electrolysis

27.3K
In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
27.3K
First-Order Circuits01:15

First-Order Circuits

1.7K
First-order electrical circuits, which comprise resistors and a single energy storage element - either a capacitor or an inductor, are fundamental to many electronic systems. These circuits are governed by a first-order differential equation that describes the relationship between input and output signals.
One common example of a first-order circuit is the RC (resistor-capacitor) circuit. These circuits are used in relaxation oscillators such as neon lamp oscillator circuits. When voltage is...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Lattice Nitrogen-Mediated Amination via an N<sub>2</sub>-Rechargeable Cycle over the Co-Mo Nitride.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Based on artificial intelligence-assisted generation and in-depth in-silico evaluation of potential inhibitors targeting Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1).

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Mechanistic Elucidation of Liujun Jiaoxian Tang in Management of Sepsis Through Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology.

Biomedical engineering and computational biology·2026
Same author

Deciphering the Transcriptomic Dynamics of Self-Incompatibility in Yellow Passion Fruit: Evidence of Modified Sporophytic Mechanism.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Balancing Nanoparticle Exsolution over Co-Mo Bimetallic Nitride Via Exsolution Switch for Enhanced Ammonia Decomposition.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Interstitial-Hydrogen-Modulated Subnanometer PdPtIrCoNiH High-Entropy Hydride Nanowires for Efficient Hydrogen Electrocatalysis.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same journal

Large-scale discovery and annotation of substructure patterns in mass spectrometry profiles.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Salmonella SopB suppresses post-transcriptionally regulated cytokine release to reduce early tissue inflammation and delay disease progression.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

A human-specific microRNA controls the timing of excitatory synaptogenesis.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

An HMA-like integrated domain in the wheat tandem kinase WTK4 recognises an RNase-like pathogen effector.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Learning regularities in noise engages both neural predictive activity and representational changes.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

The H3K4 methyltransferase KMT2D is an essential cofactor for GATA1 at erythroid gene enhancers.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Extending the Lifespan of Soluble Lead Flow Batteries with a Sodium Acetate Additive
08:35

Extending the Lifespan of Soluble Lead Flow Batteries with a Sodium Acetate Additive

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.3K

Cascade reactors for long-life solid-state sodium-air batteries.

Xue Sun1,2,3, Haitao Li1,4, Yajie Song1

  • 1MOE Engineering Research Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Carbon Neutrality in Cold Regions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.

Nature Communications
|July 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sodium-air batteries offer high energy density. A new cascade electrocatalysis strategy using Na[Li1/3Ru2/3]O2 electrodes enables stable cycling and high efficiency, overcoming previous limitations in sodium-air battery performance.

More Related Videos

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
09:49

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

Published on: February 13, 2017

10.6K
Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

25.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Extending the Lifespan of Soluble Lead Flow Batteries with a Sodium Acetate Additive
08:35

Extending the Lifespan of Soluble Lead Flow Batteries with a Sodium Acetate Additive

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.3K
A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
09:49

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

Published on: February 13, 2017

10.6K
Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

25.6K

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Sodium-air batteries are promising due to high theoretical energy density and abundant sodium.
  • Complex reaction products (NaO2, Na2O2, Na2CO3·xH2O) lead to low efficiency and high overpotential.
  • Existing sodium-air battery designs face challenges with reaction pathway incompatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cascade electrocatalysis strategy for improved sodium-air battery performance.
  • To address issues of low efficiency and large overpotential in sodium-air batteries.
  • To enhance the long-term cycling stability and catalytic efficiency of sodium-air systems.

Main Methods:

  • Introduced a cascade electrocatalysis strategy with switchable metal and oxygen redox chemistry.
  • Utilized a Na[Li1/3Ru2/3]O2 electrode system leveraging the lithium ion spatial pinning effect.
  • Employed electrochemical potential tuning to control catalytic states and intermediate conversion.

Main Results:

  • Achieved sequential conversion of complex multi-step intermediates through oscillating catalytic states.
  • Demonstrated effective compartmentalization of threshold potentials, circumventing deactivating pathways.
  • The Na-air battery exhibited over 1000 cycles of long-term reversibility with >99% catalysis efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • The cascade electrocatalysis strategy significantly enhances sodium-air battery performance.
  • The Na[Li1/3Ru2/3]O2 catalyst enables stable operation by managing reaction pathways.
  • This approach contributes to the design of integrated sodium-air batteries with superior cycling stability.