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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response01:31

Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response

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Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
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Overview of Cell Death01:30

Overview of Cell Death

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Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
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The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:17

The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

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The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
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The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

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Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
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Apoptosis01:30

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Author Spotlight: RNA FISH for Locating lncRNA-SNHG6 in Osteosarcoma Cells
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Author Spotlight: RNA FISH for Locating lncRNA-SNHG6 in Osteosarcoma Cells

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LncRNAs regulates cell death in osteosarcoma.

Ping'an Zou1, Zhiwei Tao2, Zhengxu Yang1

  • 1Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma Department, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, No. 519 Beijing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China.

Scientific Reports
|July 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study identifies a four long non-coding RNA signature that predicts osteosarcoma prognosis and regulates non-apoptotic cell death, offering potential new therapeutic targets for this challenging cancer.

Keywords:
FerroptosisNon-apoptotic receptor-mediated cell deathOsteosarcomaRCDlncRNA

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Three-Dimensional Bone Extracellular Matrix Model for Osteosarcoma
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Three-Dimensional Bone Extracellular Matrix Model for Osteosarcoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Osteosarcoma (OS) prognosis remains poor, necessitating novel therapeutic targets.
  • Non-apoptotic receptor-mediated cell death (RCD) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in OS pathogenesis.
  • The role of lncRNAs in non-apoptotic RCD in OS is currently unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify a functional lncRNA-based gene signature regulating non-apoptotic RCD in osteosarcoma.
  • To investigate the prognostic value of this lncRNA signature.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting these lncRNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic screening of immune-related lncRNAs associated with ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis.
  • Utilized Pearson correlation, univariate Cox regression, and machine learning algorithms (SVM, Random Forest, GLM) for lncRNA selection.
  • Validated lncRNA function through in vitro assays and analyzed immune infiltration using CIBERSORT.

Main Results:

  • A prognostic risk model comprising four lncRNAs (AC006033.2, AC124798.1, LINC01517, L3MBTL4-AS1) was constructed with high predictive accuracy (AUCs up to 0.881).
  • The high-risk group showed a worse prognosis, with distinct immune infiltration patterns.
  • Silencing LINC01517 inhibited proliferation and modulated pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necroptosis in OS cells.

Conclusions:

  • A novel lncRNA signature associated with non-apoptotic RCD has been identified in osteosarcoma.
  • This signature serves as a reliable prognostic biomarker for osteosarcoma patients.
  • Targeting specific lncRNAs, such as LINC01517, presents a promising therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma.