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Related Concept Videos

Otto and Diesel Cycle01:27

Otto and Diesel Cycle

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An Otto engine is a four-stroke engine that uses a mixture of gasoline and air as the working fuel. The fuel is injected into the cylinder, and the piston is moved completely down so that the cylinder is at maximum volume. By moving the piston up, adiabatic compression takes place. The spark plug ignites the gasoline-air mixture, and the burning fuel adds heat to the system at a constant volume. The heated mixture expands adiabatically and gets further cooled by exhausting heat, and this cyclic...
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Internal Combustion Engine01:20

Internal Combustion Engine

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The internal combustion engine is a heat engine that uses the byproducts of combustion as the working fluid instead of using a heat transfer medium to transfer heat. The combustion is done in a way that produces high-pressure combustion products that can be expanded through a turbine or piston to create work. Internal combustion engines can again be categorized into three kinds: (1) spark ignition gasoline engines, most commonly used in automobiles, (2) compression ignition diesel engines that...
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Work Done in an Adiabatic Process01:20

Work Done in an Adiabatic Process

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Consider the adiabatic compression of an ideal gas in the cylinder of an automobile diesel engine. The gasoline vapor is injected into the cylinder of an automobile engine when the piston is in its expanded position. The temperature, pressure, and volume of the resulting gas-air mixture are 20 °C, 1.00 x 105 N/m2, and 240 cm3 , respectively. The mixture is then compressed adiabatically to a volume of 40 cm3. Note that, in the actual operation of an automobile engine, the compression is not...
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Gas Chromatography: Sample Injection Systems01:08

Gas Chromatography: Sample Injection Systems

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In gas chromatography, the sample is introduced as a vapor plug into the carrier gas stream for high efficiency and resolution. A microsyringe injects the sample solution into a heated sample port, vaporizing it and mixing it with the carrier gas. This process is important to ensure the sample is properly prepared for analysis. Thermally sensitive samples can be injected directly into the column and volatilized by slowly increasing the column temperature.
Two primary injection methods are used...
592
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  9. Automotive Combustion And Fuel Engineering
  11. Investigation Of Diesel Engine Characteristics Under Pilot Injection Mode Using Diesel-dtbp Blends.
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Engineering
  7. Automotive Engineering
  9. Automotive Combustion And Fuel Engineering
  11. Investigation Of Diesel Engine Characteristics Under Pilot Injection Mode Using Diesel-dtbp Blends.

Related Experiment Video

Original Experimental Approach for Assessing Transport Fuel Stability
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Investigation of diesel engine characteristics under pilot injection mode using diesel-DTBP blends.

Hiren Dave1, Himanshu Choksi2, Md Irfanul Haque Siddiqui3

  • 1Mechanical Engineering Department, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, India. davehiren.87@gmail.com.

Scientific Reports
|July 2, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adding a cetane number improver (CNI) to neat diesel fuel and using pilot injection significantly reduces nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbon emissions. This method enhances combustion efficiency in diesel engines.

Keywords:
Cetane number improverCombustion characteristicsDTBPEmission characteristics

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Area of Science:

  • Combustion science
  • Engine emissions control
  • Fuel additives

Background:

  • Cetane number improvers (CNI) are typically used in diesel blends, but their use with neat diesel fuel (D100) is less explored.
  • Conventional single injection (SI) studies dominate CNI research, with limited focus on advanced injection strategies like pilot injection (PI).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the impact of CNI addition to D100 on diesel engine combustion under PI mode.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of CNI in enhancing pilot fuel combustion and its subsequent effect on emissions.

Main Methods:

  • Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide (DTBP) was used as the CNI, blended at 1% by volume into D100.
  • Engine tests were conducted at fixed load (90%) and speed (1600 rpm), comparing SI with D100 (reference) against PI with D100/DTBP.
Pilot injection
  • Specific PI parameters included a 10% pilot fuel quantity and -24° ATDC injection timing.

    • Main Results:

    • Pilot injection (PI) with D100 reduced nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions compared to single injection (SI) but increased smoke.
    • Adding DTBP to D100 facilitated more complete and faster pilot fuel combustion.
    • The D100/DTBP blend under PI conditions achieved a 20.8% reduction in NOx and a 64.29% reduction in hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, with a 71.42% increase in smoke.

    Conclusions:

    • The combination of CNI (DTBP) and pilot injection in neat diesel fuel offers a promising strategy for reducing NOx and HC emissions.
    • Optimized pilot injection timing and quantity, coupled with CNI, can lead to more efficient combustion and lower harmful emissions in diesel engines.