Flexibility in load demand and PHEV parameters for clean and economic microgrid operation.

Area of Science:

• Electrical Engineering
• Renewable Energy Systems
• Optimization Algorithms

Background:

• Microgrids (MGs) are crucial for integrating renewable energy and managing local power generation.
• Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) present both challenges and opportunities for MG stability and economic operation.
• Demand-side management (DSM) strategies, including load shifting and price-based demand response (PBDR), are vital for optimizing MG performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel optimization algorithm for minimizing MG generation costs.
• To investigate the impact of various PHEV operational factors on MG economic efficiency.
• To evaluate the effectiveness of DSM tactics in conjunction with PHEV integration for cost reduction and emission mitigation.

Main Methods:

• A one-to-one-based optimization algorithm was developed to minimize MG generation costs.
• The study considered diverse PHEV parameters: arrival/departure times, battery capacity, state of charge, and availability.
• A balanced economic emission dispatch approach was employed to optimize cost and pollution reduction.

Main Results:

• The proposed algorithm successfully minimized MG generation costs while accounting for PHEV operational variables and DSM strategies.
• Numerical results demonstrated improved load factors and reduced peak demand through DSM implementation.
• Shifting PHEV charging to off-peak hours proved to be a cost-effective strategy due to lower demand and electricity prices.

Conclusions:

• The novel optimization approach enhances the economic efficiency of MG systems integrated with PHEVs.
• The study confirms that DSM strategies, particularly load shifting for PHEVs, significantly contribute to cost savings and reduced environmental impact.
• The proposed method offers a feasible solution for future smart grid and MG development incorporating PHEVs and promoting sustainable energy practices.