Optimization and performance of expanded polystyrene concrete for sustainable infill wall construction using response...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Structural Engineering
• Sustainable Construction

Background:

• Conventional brick and concrete block infill walls contribute significant superimposed dead load (SDL) to frame structures.
• Heavy infill walls attract substantial seismic forces during earthquakes, increasing structural risk.
• There is a need for lightweight, sustainable alternatives to traditional infill wall materials.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate expanded polystyrene (EPS) concrete panels as a lightweight alternative for infill walls.
• To evaluate the physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of EPS concrete panels.
• To compare the performance of EPS panels against traditional brick masonry.

Main Methods:

• EPS concrete panels were developed with densities of 1000-1100 kg/m³ using small and large EPS beads.
• Mix designs were optimized using statistical modeling (Analysis of Variance and Response Surface Methodology).
• Experimental tests assessed thermal conductivity, permeability, water absorption, compressive strength, and diagonal force stability.

Main Results:

• EPS panels demonstrated a 47% reduction in thermal conductivity and 60-70% lower permeability than bricks.
• Water absorption was 50% lower, and density was reduced by 43-48%.
• Panels achieved 75% of conventional material compressive strength and exhibited 30% greater diagonal force stability.

Conclusions:

• EPS concrete panels significantly reduce non-structural dead load.
• These panels offer improved thermal conductivity, lower water absorption, and enhanced shear resistance.
• EPS concrete panels provide a durable, heat-resistant, economical, and sustainable alternative to traditional infill walls.