Disease knowledge and quality of life among rheumatoid arthritis patients: a cross-sectional study

This study aimed to predict the knowledge of disease, quality of life, and related factors among rheumatoid arthritis patients.

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 225 participants were recruited by convenience sampling from the RA outpatient clinics at Princess Basma Hospital and King Abdullah University Hospital in the north of Jordan between October 2023 and January 2024. The knowledge of RA was assessed using the adapted Rheumatoid Arthritis Knowledge Assessment Scale (RAKAS). Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was evaluated using the generic EQ-5D-3 L instrument. Disease activity and remission were measured by DAS-28 ESR, which involved patient global assessment, ESR, and the number of swollen and tender joints. Data collection was achieved by face-to-face interviews and reviewing medical records. Predictors of disease knowledge and QoL were identified using quantile regression, One-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression.

The mean age of participants was 51.9 years, with 86.2% being female. Only 9.3% and 20.9% of patients, respectively, had "poor" or "low" knowledge, while 42.7% and 27.1% of patients, respectively, had " adequate " or "excellent" knowledge. Significant correlations of RA knowledge were observed with age, education level, duration of RA, and income. Specifically, younger patients, those with longer disease duration, higher education levels, and higher income demonstrated better knowledge of RA. Income and DAS score were significantly associated with the utility. Higher income levels were associated with an increase in utility. There was no association between disease knowledge and QoL in RA patients.

Adequate knowledge of the disease is prevalent among RA patients. Education level significantly affected both disease knowledge and quality of life. Interventions to enhance patient education and proper medication management are essential to improve health outcomes.

Not applicable.