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Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

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The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
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The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
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Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
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Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although...
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The menstrual cycle is a recurrent sequence of changes in the uterine endometrium, specifically its functional layer, the stratum functionalis. This cycle prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically spans 21–35 days, averaging 28 days, and aligns with the ovarian cycle, regulated by fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone.
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The uterine cycle begins with the menstrual phase, which is considered day one of the cycle and typically lasts about five days. This phase is characterized by the degeneration and shedding of the stratum functionalis, the functional layer of the endometrium.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
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Menstrual Suppression in Adolescents.

Corey Bolac1, Jennifer O Howell2

  • 1Assistant Professor.

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Adolescents seeking gynecologic care for menstrual concerns have multiple effective medical suppression options. Treatment choice depends on individual factors like medical history, contraceptive needs, and patient preferences.

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Adolescent Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Menstrual concerns are a primary reason adolescents seek gynecologic care.
  • Effective management requires understanding diverse therapeutic options for menstrual suppression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review medical therapies for menstrual suppression in adolescents.
  • To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each treatment.
  • To guide clinical decision-making for tailored recommendations.

Main Methods:

  • A literature review was conducted using PubMed.
  • Keywords included "menstrual suppression" and "adolescents".

Main Results:

  • Multiple medical treatment options are available for menstrual suppression.
  • Each option presents unique pros and cons for adolescent patients.

Conclusions:

  • Menstrual suppression is achievable through various medical agents.
  • Selection criteria include clinical indication, eligibility, contraception needs, and patient preference.
  • Healthcare providers must counsel adolescents and caregivers on available options.