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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

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Association between central thyroid hormone sensitivity and prediabetes: Tehran thyroid study.

Ladan Mehran1, Mohammadjavad Honarvar1, Maryam Tohidi2

  • 1Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Disorders, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|July 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid hormone sensitivity is linked to prediabetes risk. Lower sensitivity, indicated by higher thyroid hormone resistance indices (TSHI, TT4RI, PTFQI), is associated with a reduced likelihood of developing prediabetes.

Keywords:
parametric thyroid feedback quantile-based indexprediabetesthyroid functionthyroid hormone resistancethyroid-stimulating hormone indexthyrotrophic thyroxin resistance index

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Thyroid Research

Background:

  • Thyroid hormone sensitivity indices are emerging markers for metabolic health.
  • The relationship between thyroid hormone sensitivity and prediabetes remains unclear.
  • This study explores the association between thyroid hormone sensitivity indices and prediabetes in a population-based cohort.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between thyroid hormone sensitivity indices and prediabetes.
  • To determine if thyroid hormone sensitivity is an independent predictor of prediabetes risk.
  • To examine this association in both the general population and a euthyroid subgroup.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based study included 4,356 participants, excluding those with specific medical conditions or treatments.
  • Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for prediabetes.
  • Thyroid hormone resistance indices, including PTFQI, TSHI, and lnTT4RI, were analyzed per 1-SD increase.

Main Results:

  • Increased PTFQI was significantly associated with lower prediabetes odds (OR: 0.88; 95%CI: 0.82-0.94) after full adjustment.
  • This association was notable in women, non-smokers, and those with negative anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies.
  • In euthyroid individuals, increased PTFQI, TSHI, and lnTT4RI were linked to lower prediabetes odds, with significant negative correlations observed with fasting and 2-h post-challenge glucose levels.

Conclusions:

  • Lower central sensitivity to thyroid hormone, reflected by increased TSHI, TT4RI, and PTFQI, is associated with a reduced risk of prediabetes.
  • This association holds true even in individuals with normal thyroid function (euthyroid).
  • Thyroid hormone sensitivity indices may serve as potential biomarkers for prediabetes risk assessment.