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Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident
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Perinatal mortality after Chernobyl in former Soviet countries.

Alfred Körblein1

  • 1Independent Researcher, Nuremberg, Germany.

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|July 2, 2025
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Summary

Perinatal mortality (PM) rates in former Soviet Union countries during the 1990s were linked to economic decline (GDP per capita). Strontium exposure was a significant factor only in Ukraine and Estonia, where PM increased sharply early in the decade.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Demography
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Perinatal mortality (PM) rates in former Soviet Union (FSU) countries experienced fluctuations following the Soviet Union's collapse.
  • Understanding the drivers of these changes is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in perinatal mortality in Ukraine, Belarus, the Russian Federation, Moldova, and Estonia from the 1990s onwards.
  • To investigate the impact of socio-economic factors (GDP per capita) and potential environmental exposures (strontium) on PM rates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized perinatal mortality data from the WHO Health for All database.
  • Employed regression models with long-term trends, GDP per capita as a proxy for socio-economic crisis, and strontium exposure as a covariate.

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  • Analyzed data from five FSU countries: Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Moldova, and Estonia.

    • Main Results:

    • Regression models incorporating GDP per capita effectively explained deviations in PM rates for Belarus, Russia, and Moldova.
    • Strontium exposure was a significant factor for increased PM only in Ukraine and Estonia.
    • PM rates increased in most countries in 1987, with Estonia peaking in 1988.

    Conclusions:

    • The study concludes that declining GDP per capita is a primary driver of increased perinatal mortality in the 1990s across these FSU nations.
    • The influence of strontium exposure on perinatal mortality was localized to Ukraine and Estonia, coinciding with early 1990s PM surges preceding the economic downturn.