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Batteries and Fuel Cells

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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...

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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

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Published on: August 12, 2013

High-Energy-Density LiNi_0.9Co_0.05Mn_0.05O₂//SiO_x-Graphite Soft-Pack Semi-Solid-State Batteries Using In Situ

Lisha Mou^1,2, Junmou Du², Quan Li^1,3

¹School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|July 2, 2025

Summary

Semi-solid-state batteries with novel solid-state electrolytes overcome the limitations of traditional lithium-ion batteries. This new electrolyte design enhances energy density, cycle life, and safety for practical applications.

Keywords:

in situ solidification lithium-ion battery polymer electrolyte self-assembly semi-solid-state battery soft-pack battery

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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

High-energy-density lithium-ion batteries face challenges with short cycle life and safety concerns due to Ni-rich cathodes and Si-based anodes.
Semi-solid-state battery technology offers a promising solution to these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and investigate pentaerythritol tetraacrylate-azoisobutyronitrile (PETEA-AIBN)-based solid-state electrolytes.
To evaluate the electrochemical and safety performance of these electrolytes in semi-solid-state LiNi$_{0.9}$Co$_{0.05}$Mn$_{0.05}$O$_{2}$//SiO$_{x}$-graphite soft-pack batteries.

Main Methods:

One-pot polymerization self-assembly for in situ construction of PETEA-AIBN solid-state electrolytes.
Immobilization of carbonate electrolyte molecules within cross-linked PETEA-AIBN frameworks.
Tuning chemical interactions to optimize electrolyte distribution and Li-ion transport.

Main Results:

The solid-state electrolytes exhibit rapid Li$^{+}$ ionic conductivity (3.2 × 10$^{-4}$ S cm$^{-1}$) and a high oxidation potential (4.5 V vs Li/Li$^{+}$).
Soft-pack batteries achieved a high energy density of 323 Wh kg$^{-1}$ and over 400 cycles with 94.8% capacity retention.
Significantly improved safety performance was observed under puncture and high-temperature (150 °C) conditions compared to liquid electrolyte batteries.

Conclusions:

The developed PETEA-AIBN-based solid-state electrolytes effectively enhance the performance and safety of semi-solid-state batteries.
This technology addresses critical limitations of current high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries, paving the way for broader adoption.
The in situ constructed solid-state gel design is crucial for achieving superior electrochemical and safety characteristics.