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A Scoping Review of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Fruit and Vegetable Incentive Programs.

Ibukun Owoputi1, Lauren San Diego1, Xinyi Deng2

  • 1Action Research Collaborative, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States; Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.

The Journal of Nutrition
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PubMed
Summary

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) fruit and vegetable (FV) incentive programs show positive outcomes in enhancing food security and increasing FV consumption. Continued investment is crucial, with a need for rigorous evaluation of long-term impacts.

Keywords:
Double Up Food BucksHealthy Incentives PilotSNAPfood insecurityfruit and vegetable incentivenutrition incentiveproduce incentive

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health Nutrition
  • Food Security Studies
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) fruit and vegetable (FV) incentive programs aim to improve nutrition among low-income US families.
  • A previous review in 2020 highlighted program implementation and outcomes, but an update is needed due to program expansion.
  • This review addresses the gap by providing an updated characterization of SNAP FV incentive programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an updated scoping review of SNAP FV incentive programs in the United States.
  • To characterize the implementation strategies and documented outcomes of these programs.
  • To identify areas for future research and program development.

Main Methods:

  • Adherence to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for scoping reviews.
  • Systematic literature search across multiple databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest).
  • Inclusion of 55 peer-reviewed studies (quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods) from 4606 screened articles, analyzing program characteristics, implementation, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Most reviewed studies reported positive outcomes for SNAP FV incentive programs.
  • In 14 out of 17 studies, these programs successfully increased fruit and vegetable purchases.
  • In 18 out of 25 studies, participants reported enhanced fruit and vegetable consumption.

Conclusions:

  • Continued financial support for SNAP FV incentive programs is vital for supporting the nutritional health of participating families.
  • Further rigorous evaluation is necessary to understand the long-term effects on fruit and vegetable consumption, especially in traditional retail settings.
  • Evidence-based insights are needed to refine and scale these effective nutrition interventions.