Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 17, 2025
08:34
Cryogenic Liquid Jets for High Repetition Rate Discovery Science
Published on: May 9, 2020
3.1K
Numerical simulation of ellipse liquid jet atomization in supersonic crossflow
Donglong Zhou1, Yuli Li2, Jianlong Chang3
1Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, 030008, China. zhoudonglong@163.com.
Scientific Reports
|July 2, 2025
Summary
Investigating elliptical fuel jets in supersonic crossflow reveals that low aspect ratio (AR) jets offer better atomization, penetration, and spanwise spread. High AR jets are more easily deflected, impacting scramjet design.
Area of Science:
- Aerospace Engineering
- Fluid Dynamics
- Combustion Science
Background:
- Scramjet combustion efficiency relies on fuel atomization.
- Liquid fuel injection into supersonic crossflow is critical for scramjet performance.
- Understanding atomization and vortex dynamics is key for scramjet design.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the atomization and vortex characteristics of elliptical liquid fuel jets in supersonic crossflow.
- To explore the impact of nozzle aspect ratio (AR) on jet behavior at Mach 2.85.
Main Methods:
- Coupled Level-Set and Volume of Fluid (CLSVOF) simulation.
- Large Eddy Simulation (LES) for turbulence modeling.
- Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) for computational efficiency.
Main Results:
- Low AR elliptical jets exhibit enhanced anti-deflection, greater penetration, and wider spanwise distribution.
- High AR elliptical jets show increased deflection, reduced penetration, and narrower spanwise spread.
- Case AR0.25 demonstrated 42.8% greater penetration and 45.1% larger spanwise range compared to case AR4.
Conclusions:
- Nozzle aspect ratio significantly influences liquid jet atomization in supersonic crossflow.
- Optimizing AR can enhance fuel-air mixing and combustion stability in scramjets.
- Findings provide guidance for improving scramjet fuel injection strategies.
Related Concept Videos
01:23Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes
407
Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is...
407
01:14Free Jet
255
Free jets describe the flow of liquid exiting a reservoir through an opening into the atmosphere without resistance. The velocity (v) of the liquid jet is derived using Bernoulli's principle and expressed as:
255
01:07Laminar and Turbulent Flow
9.2K
Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the...
9.2K
01:30Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Along a Streamline
1.1K
Bernoulli's equation relates the energy conservation in a fluid moving along a streamline. The equation applies to incompressible and inviscid fluids under steady flow. For such a flow, Newton's second law is applied to a small fluid element, which experiences forces due to pressure differences, gravity, and velocity variations. The force balance leads to the following form of Bernoulli's equation:
1.1K
01:17Accelerating Fluids
1.5K
When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
1.5K
01:16Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Normal to a Streamline
952
Bernoulli's equation for flow normal to a streamline explains how pressure varies across curved streamlines due to the outward centrifugal forces induced by the fluid's curvature. The pressure is higher on the inner side of the curve, near the center of curvature, and decreases outward to balance these centrifugal forces.
The pressure difference depends on the fluid's velocity and radius of curvature. The pressure variation is minimal in flows with nearly straight streamlines.
The pressure difference depends on the fluid's velocity and radius of curvature. The pressure variation is minimal in flows with nearly straight streamlines.
952