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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

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Short playful interactions improve executive functions in children.

Daniela Yaffe1,2, Limor Shtoots3, Omer Kochav Isakow1

  • 1Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University, 4610101, Herzliya, Israel.

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Summary

Social playfulness enhances children's executive functions (EFs) and mood. Short playful interactions improved attention and mood in children aged 6-10, suggesting playfulness as a valuable EF training tool.

Keywords:
AttentionChildrenExecutive functionsPhysical exerciseSocial playfulness

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Area of Science:

  • Child Development
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Executive Functions (EFs) are crucial for lifelong success, encompassing planning, decision-making, and self-regulation.
  • EFs are malleable in children, with interventions effectively enhancing these skills.
  • Social playfulness is a natural aspect of childhood with potential for cognitive benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of short playful interactions versus physical activity on children's EF performance and mood.
  • To assess the influence of social playfulness on attentional control and positive affect.
  • To explore the role of playful interactions in fostering social bonds.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-two children aged 6-10 participated in either a playful interaction or a physical activity with an adult.
  • Children's EF performance was assessed using tasks like the Flanker task.
  • Mood and social bonding were also measured post-intervention.

Main Results:

  • Playful interaction significantly improved attentional performance, specifically response times in the Flanker task.
  • Physical activity did not yield similar improvements in EF performance.
  • Playful interaction also enhanced positive mood and strengthened social bonds with the co-player.

Conclusions:

  • Social playfulness is a multidimensional activity engaging cognitive, emotional, and social functions.
  • Playful interactions show promise as an enjoyable and easily integrated intervention for training EFs in primary school children.
  • These findings highlight the potential of social playfulness for enhancing executive functions and overall well-being in children.