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Ordered Dynamic Networks Proton Exchange Membrane for Humidity-Resilient High-Performance Fuel Cells.

Xinming Du1, Yijia Lei2, Zhe Wang2

  • 1College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|July 3, 2025
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This study developed a new proton exchange membrane using nanofibers and functionalized polymers. The membrane shows improved proton conductivity and water retention, crucial for fuel cells operating in low humidity conditions.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Proton conductivity in sulfonated proton exchange membranes (PEMs) is limited under low humidity, hindering fuel cell performance.
  • Developing humidity-resilient PEMs is critical for efficient and reliable fuel cell applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer an innovative interfacial strategy for enhanced proton conductivity in PEMs under varying humidity.
  • To create an ordered dynamic network membrane with improved water retention and proton transport pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of perfluorosulfonic acid nanofibers (PFSANF) with hydroxyl-functionalized Tröger's base polymer (HTB).
  • Construction of synergistic 3D hydrogen-bond networks and acid-base interactions within the membrane architecture.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a proton conductivity of 123 mS cm-1 at 90 °C and 30% RH, 1.9 times higher than commercial Nafion NC.
  • Demonstrated enhanced water retention and additional proton-hopping sites due to hydroxyl and tertiary amine groups.
  • Exhibited an outstanding peak power density of 1.2 W cm-2 in H2/O2 fuel cells.

Conclusions:

  • The developed ordered dynamic network membrane exhibits remarkable humidity-adaptive proton conduction.
  • This interfacial engineering approach offers a new paradigm for designing advanced, humidity-resilient proton exchange membranes.
  • Synergistic molecular design and ordered nanostructure are key to optimizing PEM performance for fuel cells.