Challenges and innovations for sustainable ruminant production based upon One Health principles

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Science
• Environmental Science
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• 12% of the global population faces food insecurity and nutrient deficiencies.
• Ruminant products are nutrient-dense but contribute to greenhouse gas emissions (methane).
• Ruminant production is essential for the circular bioeconomy and ecosystem services.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the challenges and future innovations for sustainable ruminant production.
• To outline pathways and enablers for achieving sustainability within the 'One Health' framework.
• To balance human health, food security, and environmental impact.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on research and innovation in ruminant production.
• Analysis of key areas: Genetics and Breeding, Animal Nutrition, and Animal Health.
• Examination of enablers for innovation implementation: investment, partnerships, scaling, regulation, and social acceptance.

Main Results:

• Sustainable ruminant production requires a multi-faceted approach addressing environmental and nutritional aspects.
• Key research areas include genetics, nutrition, and animal health for enhanced food security and reduced environmental footprint.
• Successful implementation hinges on investment, collaboration, scaling, regulatory support, and public acceptance.

Conclusions:

• Achieving sustainable ruminant production is critical for addressing global food security and environmental challenges.
• The 'One Health' framework provides a roadmap for integrating human and planetary health goals.
• Continued innovation and strategic enablers are necessary for a sustainable future in ruminant agriculture.