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Overactive Bladder Symptoms in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy.

Margaret Lotz^1,2, Sarah Keates^1,2, Danielle Carr³

¹Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge.

American Journal of Clinical Oncology

|July 3, 2025

Summary

Certain cancer treatments may cause overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. Women receiving dual HER2-targeted therapy (trastuzumab and pertuzumab) reported increased OAB symptoms and urinary discomfort during treatment.

Keywords:

HER2 breast chemotherapy overactive bladder

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Urology
Pharmacology

Background:

Chemotherapy is a cornerstone of cancer treatment.
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a condition characterized by urinary urgency.
The potential link between chemotherapy and OAB requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between chemotherapy and the development of overactive bladder (OAB) in female cancer patients.
To assess if specific chemotherapy regimens contribute to OAB symptoms.

Main Methods:

A prospective, longitudinal study involving 65 female cancer patients.
Patients completed validated questionnaires on bladder symptoms at multiple time points before and after chemotherapy initiation.
Data collection occurred between 2017 and 2023.

Main Results:

No overall significant increase in OAB symptoms was detected across all patients.
Patients treated with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) monoclonal antibodies showed significantly higher OAB symptom scores.
Dual therapy with trastuzumab and pertuzumab was associated with increased urinary tract discomfort and quality of life changes.

Conclusions:

Dual HER2-targeted therapy (trastuzumab and pertuzumab) may increase the risk of OAB symptoms in women with HER2-positive breast cancer.
Healthcare providers should monitor for urinary symptoms in patients undergoing this specific treatment.
Further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms and management of chemotherapy-induced OAB.