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Recruiting Asian Americans for Online Studies: Methodological Systematic Review
Fang Lei1, Fei-Fei Huang2, Ying Jiang3
1School of Nursing, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Journal of Medical Internet Research
|July 3, 2025
Summary
Recruiting Asian Americans for online research is challenging. This review found that combining online (social media) and offline (community) methods is most effective, yielding participants who are typically middle-aged and highly educated.
Area of Science:
- Health Disparities Research
- Participant Recruitment Strategies
- Asian American Health
Background:
- Understanding Asian American health needs and disparities is crucial.
- Recruiting Asian American participants for online research presents significant challenges.
- Effective recruitment is key to inclusive and representative health research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and synthesize effective strategies for recruiting Asian Americans in online research studies.
- To explore the demographic and educational characteristics of Asian American participants recruited through various methods.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of studies was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, and OVID databases.
- Narrative synthesis summarized recruitment strategies for Asian Americans in online research.
- Independent t-tests compared characteristics of online versus offline recruited participants.
Main Results:
- Eighteen studies were included, detailing both online (social media, ads) and offline (community centers, clinics) recruitment methods.
- Social media groups and community outreach were the most frequently used recruitment channels.
- Online recruited participants were generally younger and more educated than those recruited offline.
Conclusions:
- A mixed-methods approach, integrating online and offline recruitment, is recommended for recruiting Asian Americans.
- Considerations for recruitment venue selection include budget, data security, quality, and credibility.
- Researchers must acknowledge the differing characteristics of participants recruited via online versus offline methods.
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