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Related Concept Videos

Glycocalyx and its Functions01:14

Glycocalyx and its Functions

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The glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-rich, fuzzy-appearing layer on the outer surface of the cell membrane. It is highly hydrophilic, because of this it attracts large amounts of water to the cell's surface. This aids the cell's interaction with the watery environment and also helps it to obtain substances dissolved in the water. It is also important for cell identification, self/non-self determination, and embryonic development and is used in cell-to-cell attachments to form tissues.
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Van der Waals Interactions01:24

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Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
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Viral Structure00:56

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Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
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Engineering Antiviral Agents via Surface Plasmon Resonance
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Understanding Viral-Glycocalyx Interactions Using Brush-Linked to Cross-Linked Models.

Matthew Ziarnik1, Decheng Hou1,2, Xiaohui Frank Zhang2

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology and virology, focusing on host-pathogen interactions.

Background:

  • The glycocalyx, a cell surface layer, mediates virus-cell interactions.
  • Understanding the glycocalyx's role in viral entry is crucial for developing antiviral strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the cellular glycocalyx structure influences viral internalization.
  • To determine the most appropriate computational model for simulating glycocalyx-virus interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Combined computational simulations and experimental approaches.
  • Analyzed the impact of glycocalyx cross-linking on viral infection.
  • Compared brush-like and partially cross-linked glycocalyx models.

Main Results:

  • The glycocalyx structure, particularly cross-linking, significantly affects viral internalization.
  • The glycocalyx directly influences a virus's ability to infect a cell.
  • A brush-like glycocalyx model more accurately reflects experimental observations.

Conclusions:

  • The glycocalyx plays a critical role in viral entry mechanisms.
  • Targeting the glycocalyx presents a potential therapeutic strategy against viral infections.
  • Brush-like models are superior for simulating glycocalyx-mediated viral interactions.