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Does Expressive Suppression Precede Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence?

Megan S Wylie1, Tyler Colasante2, Kalee De France3

  • 1Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada. megan.wylie@queensu.ca.

Journal of Youth and Adolescence
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Depressive symptoms, not expressive suppression, predict future use of expressive suppression in adolescents. This finding challenges therapeutic interventions targeting expressive suppression to treat depression.

Keywords:
AdolescenceDepressive symptomsExpressive suppressionLongitudinalRandom-intercepts cross-lagged panel modeling

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • The relationship between expressive suppression and depressive symptoms in adolescents is debated.
  • Previous research often conflated between- and within-person processes, leaving a gap in understanding the temporal dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the within-person temporal precedence of expressive suppression and depressive symptoms in adolescents.
  • To clarify whether expressive suppression or depressive symptoms initiate changes in the other.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study with typically developing adolescents (N=187, ages 13-15).
  • Data collected every six months for three years.
  • Random-Intercepts Cross-Lagged Panel Modeling (RI-CLPM) used to analyze within-person effects.

Main Results:

  • Depressive symptoms significantly predicted subsequent increases in expressive suppression more often than the reverse.
  • This relationship was consistent for boys and less consistent for girls.
  • Findings challenge the notion that expressive suppression is a vulnerability for depressive symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Depressive symptoms appear to elicit greater use of expressive suppression in adolescents.
  • Results suggest that interventions targeting expressive suppression to treat depression may not be effective.
  • Understanding within-person processes is crucial for accurate etiological models and effective interventions.