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Relationships Among Glaucoma, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Mortality
Luciano Quaranta1, Alessia A Galbussera2, Mauro Tettamanti3
1Centro Oculistico Italiano, Brescia, Italy.
Advances in Therapy
|July 3, 2025
Summary
Glaucoma patients aged 50+ have a higher mortality risk and increased incidence of stroke. Managing comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension is crucial for improving health outcomes in glaucoma individuals.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally.
- Understanding comorbidity and mortality risks in glaucoma patients is essential for public health.
- Previous studies have not fully elucidated the mortality and comorbidity profiles of incident glaucoma cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate comorbidity rates and mortality risk in patients with newly diagnosed glaucoma.
- To compare cardiovascular disease incidence between glaucoma patients and controls.
- To identify factors influencing outcomes in glaucoma patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of administrative data from the Lombardy Region (Italy) from 2017-2020.
- Inclusion of 14,138 incident glaucoma cases and 42,414 controls aged 50 and above.
- Ascertainment of glaucoma using drug prescriptions, hospitalizations, interventions, and healthcare co-payment exemptions.
Main Results:
- Glaucoma patients (11.6%) had a higher mortality rate than controls (10.5%), with a hazard ratio of 1.07.
- Increased incidence of stroke was observed in glaucoma patients (HR 1.10).
- Glaucoma patients exhibited higher comorbidity rates, notably for diabetes mellitus (16.7% vs. 11.0%) and hypertension (62.2% vs. 58.1%).
Conclusions:
- Glaucoma is associated with an elevated risk of mortality and stroke.
- Age significantly influences mortality and peripheral arterial disease outcomes in glaucoma patients.
- Effective management of comorbidities is vital for improving the health and quality of life of individuals with glaucoma.
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