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Undescended testis: an epidemiological study from a single institution.

Marcela Almeida Bazaga1, Márcia Emília Francisco Shida1, Mila Torii Corrêa Leite1

  • 1Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.

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Summary

Patients with undescended testis (UDT) experienced delayed diagnosis and treatment, exceeding recommended timelines. Improved community awareness and earlier medical referrals are crucial for timely UDT management.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Urology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Undescended testis (cryptorchidism) is a common congenital anomaly in pediatric surgery.
  • Delayed management can lead to complications including infertility and malignancy.
  • Optimal timing for intervention is critical for successful outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate referral and treatment timelines for pediatric patients with undescended testis.
  • To identify delays in the diagnostic and therapeutic pathway.
  • To compare current practices with international guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 350 patients with undescended testis (1992-2021).
  • Data included demographics, referral age, age at orchidopexy, and follow-up duration.
  • Descriptive analysis of patient variables and treatment timelines.

Main Results:

  • Average referral age was 47.3 months; 72.5% were referred after 18 months.
  • Majority of orchidopexy procedures (surgery for undescended testis) occurred after 60 months.
  • Significant delays in diagnosis and treatment were observed, with high rates of lost follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • Current diagnosis and treatment ages for undescended testis exceed recommended guidelines.
  • Enhanced medical and community referral practices are necessary.
  • Timely intervention is essential for optimal patient outcomes.