Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Power02:36

Nuclear Power

8.3K
Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
8.3K
Radiation Pressure: Problem Solving01:09

Radiation Pressure: Problem Solving

464
The radiation pressure applied by an electromagnetic wave on a perfectly absorbing surface equals the energy density of the wave. The wave's momentum also gets transferred to the surface when an electromagnetic wave is entirely absorbed by it. The rate at which momentum is transmitted to an absorbing surface perpendicular to the propagation direction equals the force on the surface.
The average value of the rate of momentum transfer divided by the absorbing area represents the average force...
464
Typical Model Studies01:30

Typical Model Studies

443
Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.
443
Design Example: Maintaining Level of an Embankment01:19

Design Example: Maintaining Level of an Embankment

128
Constructing a roadway embankment over uneven terrain requires precise leveling to ensure stability and proper drainage. Surveyors use a leveling instrument and staff to calculate ground elevations and determine the required fill material at each point along the embankment alignment.The process begins by positioning a leveling instrument near a benchmark with a known elevation. A backsight reading establishes the instrument height, which serves as a reference for subsequent measurements. A...
128
Nuclear Stability03:18

Nuclear Stability

20.1K
Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together...
20.1K
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

16.1K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
16.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An accurate and efficient framework for modeling multimetal competitive adsorption on clay minerals.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Probing the Redox Reactivity of a Reduced Nontronite: A Quick XAS Operando Study.

Environmental science & technology·2025
Same author

Bridging the Gap between Molecular Simulations and Surface Complexation Modeling for Heterogeneous Surfaces: A Case Study with Uranium and Arsenic Adsorption on Clay Minerals.

Environmental science & technology·2024
Same author

eCoral: How Electrolysis Could Restore Seawater Conditions Ideal for Coral Reefs.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2024
Same author

Acid-Base Properties of Cis-Vacant Montmorillonite Edge Surfaces: A Combined First-Principles Molecular Dynamics and Surface Complexation Modeling Approach.

Environmental science & technology·2023
Same author

Surface parameters and bedrock properties covary across a mountainous watershed: Insights from machine learning and geophysics.

Science advances·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.3K

Building confidence in models for complex barrier systems for radionuclides.

Dauren Sarsenbayev1,2, Christophe Tournassat2,3, Carl I Steefel2

  • 1Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study successfully models radionuclide transport in engineered barrier systems using advanced computing software. The simulations accurately capture complex interactions between cement and clay, crucial for radioactive waste disposal safety.

Keywords:
anion exclusionbarrier systemsgeological waste repositoryhigh-performance computingradionuclide transport

More Related Videos

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident
09:18

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Published on: December 14, 2017

10.6K
Automated 90Sr Separation and Preconcentration in a Lab-on-Valve System at Ppq Level
08:53

Automated 90Sr Separation and Preconcentration in a Lab-on-Valve System at Ppq Level

Published on: June 6, 2018

8.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.3K
Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident
09:18

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Published on: December 14, 2017

10.6K
Automated 90Sr Separation and Preconcentration in a Lab-on-Valve System at Ppq Level
08:53

Automated 90Sr Separation and Preconcentration in a Lab-on-Valve System at Ppq Level

Published on: June 6, 2018

8.1K

Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry
  • Hydrogeology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Radionuclide containment in geological repositories relies on engineered barrier systems (EBS).
  • Understanding cement-clay interactions is critical for EBS performance assessment.
  • Multiscale physical and chemical processes govern solute transport in EBS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model and simulate the Cement-Clay Interaction-Diffusion (CI-D) field experiment.
  • To validate a new high-performance computing software (CrunchODiTi) for EBS modeling.
  • To capture multiscale features of natural and engineered barriers for radionuclides.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of CrunchODiTi software.
  • Incorporation of multiple continua, including electrical double layer (EDL) effects.
  • Accounting for complex 3D geometry and geological anisotropy.
  • High-resolution modeling of interfacial "skin effects" between cement and clay.

Main Results:

  • Successful simulation of the CI-D experiment at the Mont Terri site.
  • Accurate capture of multiscale physical and chemical features of the EBS.
  • Demonstrated ability to account for distinct geochemical and physical properties of cement and Opalinus Clay.
  • Validated the CrunchODiTi software's capability for complex repository simulations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed modeling approach can capture key features of radionuclide transport in EBS.
  • CrunchODiTi software provides a robust tool for simulating complex geological environments.
  • Accurate modeling of cement-clay interactions is essential for a defensible safety case for radioactive waste disposal.