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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
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Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression01:27

Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression

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Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...
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Structure of a Gene01:30

Structure of a Gene

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A gene is the fundamental unit of heredity. Every individual has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent. Although most people contain the same genes, there is a small fraction that is slightly different amongst people. A gene with a small difference in its sequence of DNA bases forms different alleles, contributing to different phenotypes.
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Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
10:28

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Published on: September 20, 2018

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A tighter grip on gene expression.

Filip Nemčko1, Alexander Stark1,2

  • 1Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A newly discovered cofactor stabilizes transcription factor binding throughout the genome. This finding enhances our understanding of gene regulation and provides new targets for therapeutic interventions.

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High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Transcription factors regulate gene expression by binding to specific DNA sequences.
  • The stability of transcription factor binding is crucial for precise gene regulation.
  • Mechanisms governing the stability of transcription factor binding across the genome are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel factors that influence transcription factor binding stability.
  • To elucidate the function of a previously unknown cofactor in genome-wide transcription factor association.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) was employed.
  • Biochemical assays were performed to characterize cofactor interactions.
  • CRISPR-based screening identified the novel cofactor.

Main Results:

  • A previously unknown cofactor was identified that significantly stabilizes transcription factor binding.
  • This cofactor's function was observed across numerous genomic locations.
  • Loss of cofactor function led to reduced transcription factor stability and altered gene expression patterns.

Conclusions:

  • A novel cofactor plays a critical role in stabilizing transcription factor binding genome-wide.
  • This discovery sheds light on fundamental mechanisms of gene regulation.
  • The identified cofactor represents a potential therapeutic target for diseases involving gene dysregulation.