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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

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Coupling attached cultivation with CO2 absorption-microalgae conversion system for efficient bio-integrated carbon

Yaoqi Hou1, Zhan Hu1, Pengcheng Li1

  • 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, PR China.

Bioresource Technology
|July 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study developed an attached cultivation photobioreactor for efficient carbon capture and algae-based bioconversion. This method significantly boosts biomass yield and carbon fixation, optimizing algae biorefineries.

Keywords:
BicarbonateCO(2) concentrating mechanismCarbon fixationPhotobioreactorTranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Environmental Science
  • Algal Biotechnology

Background:

  • Traditional suspended cultivation of microalgae for carbon capture has limitations in efficiency.
  • Developing integrated systems for simultaneous carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is crucial for sustainable biorefineries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an integrated photobioreactor system for simultaneous carbon capture and microalgae cultivation.
  • To compare the efficiency of attached cultivation versus suspended cultivation for biomass yield and carbon fixation.
  • To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of enhanced carbon fixation in attached cultivation.

Main Methods:

  • Coupling non-immersed attached cultivation with a CO2 absorption-microalgae conversion (CAMC) system.
  • Screening of optimal materials (polyester porous cotton, MCE membrane) and microalgae strain (Chlorella L166).
  • Comparative analysis of biomass yield and carbon fixation between attached and suspended cultivation.
  • Transcriptomic analysis to identify key genes and pathways involved in carbon fixation.

Main Results:

  • Attached cultivation significantly increased biomass yield by 326.6% and carbon fixation capacity by 371.2% compared to suspended cultivation.
  • Carbon flow was predominantly directed towards lipid synthesis during bioconversion.
  • Transcriptomic data indicated partial activation of CO2 concentrating mechanism (CCM) pathways, including C4-dicarboxylic acid and crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), with significant upregulation of genes like pckA, ppc, and MDH2.

Conclusions:

  • The developed integrated photobioreactor system demonstrates efficient bio-integrated carbon capture and utilization.
  • Attached cultivation enhances bicarbonate assimilation and direct atmospheric CO2 capture.
  • This approach offers a cost-effective strategy for algae-based biorefineries, improving both carbon fixation and biomass production.