Rhizoma Coptidis polysaccharides: extraction, separation, purification, structural characteristics and bioactivities

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Phytochemistry
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Rhizoma Coptidis, from the Ranunculaceae family, is a medicinal herb with multiple species utilized for its bioactive compounds.
• Rhizoma Coptidis polysaccharide (RCP) is a water-soluble macromolecule derived from the plant, exhibiting various biological activities.
• These activities include antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer's, anti-cancer, renal protective, and immune-modulating effects.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an in-depth analysis of Rhizoma Coptidis' botanical aspects.
• To review the chemical structure of RCP.
• To summarize advancements in RCP extraction, purification, and biological activities.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of Rhizoma Coptidis and its polysaccharides.
• Analysis of botanical characteristics and chemical structures.
• Evaluation of extraction, separation, purification techniques, and biological activities.

Main Results:

• RCP possesses a wide range of biological activities, influenced by source, structure, and purity.
• Polysaccharide preparation methods significantly impact chemical structure, composition, and bioactivity.
• Current research highlights the potential of RCP in various therapeutic areas.

Conclusions:

• Understanding RCP's source, structure, and preparation is crucial for its medicinal applications.
• Further research is needed to optimize extraction and purification for enhanced efficacy.
• RCP holds significant promise for future therapeutic and biomedical applications.