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Published on: March 14, 2019
Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of Circulating miR-1301-3p, miR-106a-5p, miR-129-5p, miR-3613-3p, and miR-647
Irina V Bure1,2, Ekaterina A Vetchinkina3, Alexei I Kalinkin4
1I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119991, Russia. bureira@mail.ru.
Abstract:
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide and ranks fifth in the structure of cancer mortality. MicroRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of GC as epigenetic factors, and are considered as potential noninvasive markers. We selected microRNAs involved in the regulation of epigenetic mechanisms in GC (miR-1301-3p, miR-106a-5p, miR-129-5p, miR-3613-3p, miR-647) and analyzed their expression in plasma of GC patients. To assess their diagnostic and prognostic potential, we estimated correlations of differential expression with clinical and pathological characteristics of GC tumors. The study included 65 plasma samples from the GC patients and 48 plasma samples obtained from the individuals without tumor lesions, which were used as a control group. The expression was analyzed by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. When comparing the expression levels of selected microRNAs in the plasma of GC patients and the control group, significant differences were found for miR-1301-3p (p = 0.040), miR-106a-5p (p = 0.029), miR-129-5p (p < 0.0001), miR-647 (p < 0.0001). MiR-129-5p expression was significantly associated with the prevalence of a primary tumor (p = 0.002), with the development of metastases to regional lymph nodes (p = 0.003), and distant metastases (p = 0.003), as well as with the late clinical stage (p = 0.003). There was a significant correlation between the miR-3613-3p expression and the clinical stage of GC (p = 0.049). ROC analysis revealed that combining miR-106a-5p, miR-129-5p, miR-1301-3p, and miR-647 improves diagnostic and prognostic properties of the potential panel of markers.
Insights
This study identifies specific microRNAs in plasma as potential biomarkers for gastric cancer (GC). Certain microRNAs show altered expression in GC patients, correlating with tumor progression and aiding in diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Epigenetics
Background:
- Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic regulators implicated in GC pathogenesis and progression.
- miRNAs are emerging as potential noninvasive biomarkers for cancer detection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression of specific miRNAs involved in epigenetic regulation in GC.
- To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of these miRNAs in plasma samples from GC patients.
- To correlate miRNA expression with clinical and pathological characteristics of GC.
Main Methods:
- Selection of miRNAs associated with epigenetic mechanisms in GC: miR-1301-3p, miR-106a-5p, miR-129-5p, miR-3613-3p, and miR-647.
- Analysis of miRNA expression in plasma from 65 GC patients and 48 healthy controls using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
- Correlation analysis of differential miRNA expression with GC clinical and pathological features, including tumor prevalence, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and clinical stage. ROC analysis was performed.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in plasma expression levels were observed for miR-1301-3p, miR-106a-5p, miR-129-5p, and miR-647 between GC patients and controls.
- MiR-129-5p expression was significantly associated with primary tumor prevalence, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and advanced clinical stage.
- MiR-3613-3p expression showed a significant correlation with the clinical stage of GC.
- A combination of miR-106a-5p, miR-129-5p, miR-1301-3p, and miR-647 demonstrated improved diagnostic and prognostic potential.
Conclusions:
- The studied microRNAs, particularly miR-129-5p and miR-3613-3p, show significant associations with gastric cancer progression and clinical stage.
- Plasma levels of selected microRNAs can serve as potential noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for gastric cancer.
- Combining multiple microRNAs enhances their utility as a panel for gastric cancer detection and monitoring.
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