Ciliated adenocarcinoma of the endometrium

Two cases of ciliated endometrial adenocarcinoma which came to attention in less than one year are described. This entity deserves emphasis, as its ciliation may distract from its histological malignant features. Association of cilia with atypical nuclear features in the same cell is the diagnostic characteristic which distinguishes it from non-ciliated adenocarcinoma overrunning non-malignant ciliated endometrium. The ultrastructural detail of the cilia of malignant cells does not differ from that of non-malignant endometrial glandular epithelium. Our cases raise the question of a possible association of estrogenic effect with ciliated endometrial adenocarcinoma.