Association between social risk profile, cardiovascular risk factors control, and future cardiovascular risk

This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association between social risk profile (SRP) and the strict control of cardiovascular risk factors, and the prospective association between cardiovascular risk factors controlled and cardiovascular mortality in different SRP grades.

Data from 12,695 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) (2005-2018) were included in the analysis. Logistic analysis was performed to assess the relationships between SRP and the strict control of cardiovascular risk factors. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models were used to analyze the associations between the number of cardiovascular risk factors controlled and outcomes incidence in different SRP grades.

Compared to individuals with low SRP, those with high SRP had greater odds of strict control of blood pressure (OR = 1.996, 95% CI: 1.733-2.299) and glucose (OR = 1.797, 95% CI: 1.556-2.074), but lower odds of lipid control (OR = 0.810, 95% CI: 0.717-0.915,). Controlling two or three risk factors significantly reduced all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk compared to no controlled risk factors (P < 0.05).

SRP grades were positively related to the strict control of blood pressure and glucose; and negatively related to the strict control of lipids. Controlling more risk factors is associated with a lower mortality risk. The lower the SRP grades, the greater the reduction in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk due to cardiovascular risk factor control.