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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

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Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
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Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

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Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
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In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

404
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...
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Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

524
Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
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Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

97
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
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Pregnancy Outcomes Using Assisted Reproductive Technology in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Silvi Shah1, Brenna Rachwal1,2, Prema Vyas3

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.

Transplantation
|July 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pregnancies using assisted reproductive technology (ART) in kidney transplant recipients show increased risks for hypertension, preterm birth, and cesarean delivery compared to natural conception. Live birth rates and graft survival remain similar.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Transplant Surgery

Background:

  • Infertility affects many kidney transplant recipients.
  • Pregnancy post-transplant carries significant maternal and fetal risks.
  • Outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) pregnancies in this population are not well-understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare pregnancy outcomes in kidney transplant recipients who conceived via ART versus natural conception.
  • To identify specific risks and benefits associated with ART in women with kidney transplants.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study utilizing data from the Transplant Pregnancy Registry International.
  • Inclusion criteria: kidney transplant recipients aged 14+ at conception (March 1968 - July 2022).
  • Logistic regression analyses (adjusted for age, race) compared ART vs. natural conception outcomes.

Main Results:

  • ART pregnancies (n=130) showed higher adjusted odds of hypertension (OR 1.57) and cesarean delivery (OR 1.60).
  • ART pregnancies had a significantly higher risk of preterm births (<37 wk, OR 2.07).
  • ART resulted in lower median birth weight and gestational age, with a higher neonatal death rate (4.4% vs 0.8%).

Conclusions:

  • ART pregnancies in kidney transplant recipients are linked to increased risks of preterm birth, hypertension, and cesarean delivery.
  • No significant differences were found in live birth rates or 2-year graft loss between ART and natural conception groups.
  • While ART offers a pathway to pregnancy, careful monitoring for adverse outcomes is crucial for kidney transplant recipients.