Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia in Pregnancy

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) in pregnancy is a rare but life-threatening condition with diverse etiologies. Differentiating pregnancy-related thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs), such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), hemolytic uremic syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP), is critical for timely intervention. This review explores the pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies for MAHA in pregnancy through a patient case. It offers a comprehensive overview of the disease mechanisms, distinguishing diagnostic criteria, and current treatment approaches to aid clinicians in recognizing and managing these complex conditions effectively.