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A Comparison of Hematological Profiles of Children With and Without Congenital Heart Defects Attending Two Selected

Chidimma S Nwike1, Ebele A Aronu2,3, Uchenna Ekwochi1

  • 1ESUT Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.

Sage Open Pediatrics
|July 4, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Children with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) show significantly altered haematological profiles, including higher haematocrit and D-dimer levels, compared to those with acyanotic congenital heart disease (ACHD) or no heart defects.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • Congenital heart defects (CHD) are common birth abnormalities.
  • Hematological profiles can be affected by the severity and type of CHD.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the haematological profiles of children with and without congenital heart defects (CHD).
  • To investigate differences between acyanotic congenital heart disease (ACHD) and cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD).

Main Methods:

  • A comparative, cross-sectional study design.
  • Inclusion of 90 children: 30 with ACHD, 30 with CCHD, and 30 controls without CHD.
  • Analysis of haematological parameters including haematocrit, PT, INR, TT, protein C, and D-dimer.

Main Results:

  • Children with CCHD exhibited significantly higher mean/median levels of haematocrit, PT, INR, TT, protein C, and D-dimer compared to ACHD patients.
  • ACHD patients also showed elevated levels compared to children without CHD.
  • Haematocrit and oxygen saturation were identified as key factors linked to abnormal haematological profiles.

Conclusions:

  • Cyanotic congenital heart disease is associated with distinct and significantly altered haematological profiles.
  • Hematological parameters differ based on the presence and type of congenital heart defect.
  • Further research into these haematological changes may improve clinical outcomes for pediatric CHD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
acynoticchildrencongenitalcontrolscyanotichaematocrithaematological profiles

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