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Baseline and changes in cardiometabolic index and incident cardiovascular disease in two prospective cohorts
Jiangtao Li1,2,3, Xiang Wei1,2,3
1Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Insights
Both baseline and changes in cardiometabolic index (CMI) are linked to higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Monitoring CMI over time is crucial for effective CVD prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The association between cardiometabolic index (CMI) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in the general population is not well-established.
- Previous studies have focused on baseline CMI, neglecting the impact of CMI changes over time.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the relationship between baseline cardiometabolic index (CMI) and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD).
- To investigate the association between changes in CMI over time and the risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Main Methods:
- Utilized prospective cohort data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA).
- Calculated changes in CMI by summing baseline and second survey CMI values.
- Employed survival analysis and restricted cubic spline models to assess associations.
Main Results:
- Higher baseline CMI tertiles were associated with increased CVD risk in both CHARLS (HR 1.36) and ELSA (HR 1.24).
- Elevated CMI changes (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1) also correlated with higher CVD risk in CHARLS (HR 1.53) and ELSA (HR 1.41).
- Non-linear and linear relationships between CMI and CVD risk were observed in CHARLS and ELSA, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Both baseline cardiometabolic index (CMI) and its changes over time are significant predictors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
- Continuous monitoring of CMI is essential for proactive CVD prevention in clinical settings.
Background:
The relationship between cardiometabolic index (CMI) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unknown in the general population. Existing research has primarily concentrated on baseline CMI, not taking into consideration the changes in CMI over time.
Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the associations of baseline and changes in CMI with the risk of incident CVD.
Methods:
This study used data from two prospective cohorts: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Changes in CMI were determined by total CMI, calculated by CMI at baseline plus CMI at the second survey.
Results:
A total of 8059 participants from CHARLS and 4279 from ELSA were included in baseline CMI analyses. Participants with upper tertile of baseline CMI had increased risks of incident CVD than those with lower tertile (CHARLS, HR 1.36, 95 % CI 1.21-1.53; ELSA, HR 1.24, 95 % CI 1.07-1.43). A total of 4946 participants from CHARLS and 2371 from ELSA were included in CMI change analyses. For the changes in CMI analyses, participants with tertile 3 showed an elevated risk of incident CVD than tertile 1 (CHARLS: HR 1.53, 95 % CI 1.29-1.81; ELSA: HR 1.41, 95 % CI 1.15-1.73). The restricted cubic spine models showed a nonlinear relationship between baseline and total CMI and incident CVD risks in the CHARLS, while a linear relationship in the ELSA.
Conclusions:
Both baseline and total CMI were associated with an increased risk of CVD. Long-term monitoring of CMI levels is of great importance for CVD prevention in clinical practice.
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