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  11. Two-dimensional Materials For Adaptive Functionalities In Soft Robotics

Two-dimensional materials for adaptive functionalities in soft robotics

Yun Li1,2, Jiamin Amanda Ong1,2, Pooi See Lee1,2

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore. pslee@ntu.edu.sg.

Materials Horizons
|July 4, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are revolutionizing soft robotics for enhanced tactile perception and human-machine interfaces. This review details their fabrication, actuation, and sensing capabilities, paving the way for smarter robots.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Robotics
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) materials are essential for advanced applications like tactile perception, health monitoring, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and human-machine interfaces.
  • Recent progress in materials science, device fabrication, and machine learning has accelerated the use of 2D materials in soft robotics due to their inherent flexibility and conformability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of 2D materials in soft robotic systems.
  • To focus on fabrication techniques, actuation mechanisms, and sensing approaches for 2D material-based soft robots.
  • To highlight the role of 2D materials in multimodal devices and intelligent robotics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of fundamental mechanisms and recent breakthroughs in 2D materials for soft robotics.

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  • Focus on fabrication, actuation, and sensing strategies.
  • Exploration of multimodal sensing, human-robot interaction, and AI-driven recognition.

    • Main Results:

    • 2D materials enable multifunctional soft robots with enhanced flexibility and conformability.
    • Significant advancements in fabrication, actuation, and sensing techniques are detailed.
    • 2D materials are crucial for multimodal devices and intelligent robotics with self-adaptive manipulation.

    Conclusions:

    • 2D materials are pivotal for developing intelligent, smart robots with improved human-robot interaction and AI-promoted recognition.
    • Future research should address reliable 2D material preparation and streamlined configurations to enhance robot dexterity and reduce wiring.
    • Continued innovation in 2D materials will drive progress in soft robotics for diverse applications.