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Associations Between Depressive Symptoms and Memory Functions in Persons with HIV: A Systematic Review and
Lujie Xu1, Huda Al-Shamali2, Tarek Turk2
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, 12-105 Clinical Science Building, 8410 - 114 St NW, Edmonton, AB, Canada. lujie2@ualberta.ca.
Neuropsychology Review
|July 4, 2025
Summary
Depression symptoms in people with HIV (PWH) are linked to poorer immediate memory recall. Managing depression is crucial for cognitive health in those with HIV.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Episodic memory impairment persists in people with HIV (PWH) despite treatment.
- Depression is a common comorbidity in PWH, affecting brain regions crucial for memory.
- The impact of depressive symptoms on episodic memory in PWH requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the role of depressive symptoms (DS) in episodic memory among PWH.
- To determine if DS are associated with lower episodic memory, a negative correlation with DS severity, and longitudinal decline in memory.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines.
- Included 44 studies assessing episodic memory scores and depressive symptoms in PWH.
- Analyzed cross-sectional and longitudinal data.
Main Results:
- PWH with DS showed lower immediate recall compared to those without DS (small effect size).
- An inverse relationship between DS severity and episodic memory was observed in approximately 25% of studies.
- Longitudinal memory decline was primarily seen in PWH with moderate to severe depression.
Conclusions:
- Depressive symptoms significantly impact immediate episodic memory in PWH.
- Effective prevention and treatment of depression are vital for maintaining cognitive function in PWH.
- Addressing depression may improve long-term memory and other cognitive functions in HIV care.
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