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Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform

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Published on: May 23, 2013

Eye movement-related eardrum oscillations do not require current visual input.

Hossein Abbasi¹, Cynthia D King², Stephanie Lovich²

¹Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.

Hearing Research

|July 4, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Eye movements create eardrum oscillations (EMREOs) independent of sound. These eye movement-related eardrum oscillations originate from the oculomotor system, not visual input, impacting peripheral auditory processing.

Keywords:

EMREOs Eardrum oscillations Eye movements Oculomotor system Reference frame transformation Sensory input

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Auditory Neuroscience
Oculomotor Research

Background:

Oculomotor signals influence auditory processing, extending to the auditory periphery.
Eye movement-related eardrum oscillations (EMREOs) are systematically affected by eye movement direction and magnitude.
Previous research suggested EMREOs occur independently of auditory stimulation, but their reliance on visual input remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if eye movement-related eardrum oscillations (EMREOs) depend on visual sensory input or solely on oculomotor efference copies.
To investigate the origin of EMREOs by testing their occurrence in the absence of visual stimuli.

Main Methods:

Measured eye movements and eardrum oscillations in sighted participants performing saccadic eye movements in complete darkness.
Compared EMREO characteristics during free saccades in darkness with a control experiment involving guided saccades to visual targets.
Assessed the robustness of EMREOs to different eye tracker calibration methods.

Main Results:

Significant EMREOs were observed in all participants during eye movements in darkness, despite the absence of auditory or visual stimulation.
EMREO characteristics in darkness were comparable to those recorded during saccades to visual targets.
EMREOs demonstrated robustness across different eye tracker calibration techniques.

Conclusions:

Eye movement-related eardrum oscillations are not driven by bottom-up sensory signals but reflect a direct influence of oculomotor signals on peripheral auditory processing.
EMREOs likely originate from efference copies within the oculomotor system.
These findings suggest EMREOs may play a critical role in reference frame transformations essential for audio-visual spatial integration.