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Published on: December 2, 2011
The Agreement Between a Transducer and a Microphone in the Analysis of a Synthesized Vowel-Using a Laboratory Model
Pedro Pestana1, Rita Alegria1, André Araújo2
1School of Health Fernando Pessoa, Fernando Pessoa Teaching and Culture Foundation, Porto, Portugal; RISE-Health, School of Health Fernando Pessoa, Fernando Pessoa Teaching and Culture Foundation, Porto, Portugal; FP-I3ID (Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento Fernando Pessoa), FP-BHS (Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit), University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.
Objectives/Hypothesis:
The objective of this study was to assess the agreement between the acoustic parameters of synthesized vowels, as measured by a piezoelectric transducer and a microphone. The central hypothesis posited that there would be a substantial degree of concordance between the acoustic parameters obtained by these two methods.
Study Design:
A laboratory experiment was conducted using synthesized vowels. Acoustic parameters were recorded simultaneously using a microphone and a piezoelectric transducer.
Methods:
Vowels were synthesized using Madde software, with variations in fundamental frequency (fo) and amplitude level. Acoustic signals were captured by a Shure MX153 T microphone and a Shadow SH712 piezoelectric transducer. Signals were recorded using a Behringer FCA1616 audio interface and analyzed using Sopran and VOXplot software. Bland-Altman plots were used for statistical comparison of acoustic parameters.
Results:
The degree of agreement between the microphone and the transducer varied according to acoustic parameters. Excellent agreement was observed for jitter, mean fo, fo standard deviation, and fo range. Good agreement was found for tilt, equivalent continuous sound level, harmonics-to-noise ratio from Dejonckere, high frequency noise, minimum fo, and maximum fo. Moderate agreement was observed for slope, amplitude difference H1-H2, shimmer, harmonics-to-noise ratio, smoothed cepstral peak prominence, and period standard deviation.
Conclusions:
While there was moderate to high agreement between the two methods for several acoustic parameters, discrepancies were noted. The microphone exhibited a tendency to record slightly higher values for the majority of the parameters; however, the transducer did demonstrate heightened sensitivity for certain parameters. The findings indicate that neither method can be universally interchanged with the other, and the selection of a method should be contingent on the particular requirements of the analysis.
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